An increasing number of women are developing acne later in life, sometimes for the first time having missed it as teenagers.

People with acne have an increased sensitivity in their sebaceous (oil-producing) glands to normal levels of the male hormone testosterone. The cells that line the hair follicle become sticky and, instead of being shed in the normal way, progressively block the duct so that sebum (oil) and dead skin cannot escape.

Bacteria multiply around the blockages, causing inflammation. Follicles blocked with waste material discolour on exposure to air and become blackheads. When the bacteria breaks down the trapped sebum, pus is created, forming whiteheads. Red blotches indicate more extensive inflammation.

Possible causes

It is not known why some people develop acne, although it may be hereditery. Also, it is not clear why more people are now getting acne during adulthood but one of the main causes is thought to be stress, which increases the production of male hormones (androgens). Greater use of oral contraceptives, which contain progesterone, may also be a factor.

Hormone changes before menstruation and during pregnancy can cause a flare-up of acne, as can hot temperatures and high humidity. Diet plays no part.

Another myth is that acne is caused by poor hygiene. If anything, sufferers tend to wash more frequently than those with clear skin in order to clear away excess oil. This may be a mistake as over-washing can dry out the skin and make the condition worse.

If you suffer from acne you could try the Ketsugo 3 step regime for oily skin.

(Article adapted from iVillage)